Marinate the Chicken: In a large bowl, whisk together the yogurt, ginger garlic paste, lemon juice, Kashmiri red chili powder, turmeric, and salt. Add the chicken pieces and toss until evenly coated. Cover and refrigerate for at least 30 minutes (up to 4 hours).
Bloom the Whole Spices: Heat the ghee and oil in a large, heavy kadhai or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the bay leaf, cardamom, cloves, cinnamon, cumin seeds, and black peppercorns. Fry for 30–45 seconds until fragrant.
Caramelize the Onions (The Heart of Bhuna): Add the sliced onions with a pinch of salt and cook over medium heat, stirring every couple of minutes, for 15–18 minutes until deep golden-brown and sweet. Don't rush with high heat.
Add Aromatics, Tomatoes, and Ground Spices: Stir in the ginger garlic paste and green chilies; cook 1 minute. Add the chopped tomatoes, ground coriander, Kashmiri red chili powder, turmeric, garam masala, and salt. Cook 8–10 minutes until thick and oil separates at the edges.
Bhuna the Chicken: Add the marinated chicken with all its marinade. Fry on medium-high 8–10 minutes until seared and coated. Pour in ½ cup hot water, cover, and simmer on low 12–15 minutes until cooked through (165°F / 74°C) and the gravy is thick.
Finish and Rest: Uncover and stir in the crushed kasoori methi, the final tablespoon of ghee, and half the chopped cilantro. Simmer 2 more minutes, rest 5 minutes, then garnish with remaining cilantro and ginger juliennes. Serve hot.